Butterflies have long been the quintessential symbol of summer, softly fluttering from flower to flower, adding a touch of magic wherever they land. For gardeners or those who simply appreciate nature, attracting butterflies to your outdoor space not only enhances its beauty but also plays a crucial role in conserving these wonderful creatures.

What Butterflies are Likely to Visit Your Garden?
The UK is home to an enchanting array of butterfly species and many of them can frequently be seen fluttering about in gardens. Some of the most common visitors include:
- Peacock Butterfly (Aglais io): With its unmistakable eye-spot markings, this butterfly is a favourite and loves sunny flower beds filled with buddleia.
- Small Tortoiseshell (Aglais urticae): Easily recognised by its orange, black, and yellow pattern, this butterfly often flits between nettles and garden flowers.
- Red Admiral (Vanessa atalanta): Bold and striking, this butterfly can usually be spotted enjoying nectar-rich flowers during the warmer months.
- Cabbage White (Pieris rapae): A more common sight in gardens, this butterfly is drawn to brassicas like cabbages and broccoli but also visits flowering plants.
- Comma Butterfly (Polygonia c-album): Distinguished by its jagged wing edges, the comma thrives in gardens with overripe fruit and leafy shrubs.
Each of these species has its own nectar preferences, so ensuring a varied selection of plants in your garden will increase the chances of attracting different butterflies.
Are Butterflies in Decline? What Can We Do?
Research from organisations like Butterfly Conservation has shown that UK butterfly populations are facing significant challenges. Nearly 76% of UK butterfly species declined in abundance or distribution over the last four decades, primarily due to habitat loss, pesticide use and climate change.
Why does this matter? Butterflies are key indicators of ecosystem health. Declines in their populations often signal larger issues in the environment, affecting pollinators, birds and wildlife as a whole.
How You Can Help
The good news? We can all contribute towards reversing this trend. Here’s how you can play your part:
- Create butterfly-friendly spaces: Even a small garden or balcony with the right plants can make a difference.
- Avoid pesticides and herbicides: These chemicals harm both butterflies and their caterpillars. Look for natural pest control alternatives.
- Provide food and shelter: Cater to both caterpillars and adult butterflies by planting host plants and nectar-rich flowers.
- Get involved: Support organisations like Butterfly Conservation, which works tirelessly to monitor and restore butterfly populations across the UK.
Why Are Butterflies Important?
Butterflies do more than simply brighten your afternoon stroll through the garden. Here’s why they deserve your admiration and support:
- Pollinators: Although less efficient than bees, butterflies contribute to pollination, helping plants and crops reproduce.
- Biodiversity Indicators: Because butterflies are sensitive to environmental changes, their presence (or absence) serves as an early warning system for broader ecological issues.
- Food Chain Importance: Butterflies and their larvae are a vital food source for birds, bats, and other animals.
- Cultural and Aesthetic Value: Butterflies enrich our natural world, inspire poetry, art, and photography, and enthral us with their fragile beauty.
Protecting butterflies means investing in the overall health of our environment and taking small but meaningful steps in your garden helps ensure their future.
Best Plants to Attract Butterflies (and Why They Love Them)
The key to transforming your garden into a butterfly haven lies in selecting the right plants. Butterflies adore flowers that are rich in nectar and easy to access. Here’s a selection of plants that will invite these beauties to your space:
Nectar-Rich Flowers for Adult Butterflies
- Buddleia (Butterfly Bush): Known as the ‘butterfly magnet,’ this hardy shrub produces long, fragrant floral spikes that are irresistible to butterflies.
- Lavender: Its sweetly scented blooms not only attract butterflies but also fill your garden with a calming aroma.
- Marjoram and Thyme: Besides adding flavour to your cooking, these herbs produce clusters of nectar-rich flowers popular with butterflies.
- Verbena Bonariensis: With tall, airy stems covered in small purple flowers, this plant is a favourite resting spot for butterflies.
- Sedum (Stonecrop): Another butterfly-friendly choice, sedum blooms late in summer, providing valuable food when other plants have faded.
Host Plants for Caterpillars
Don’t forget that butterflies need a place to lay eggs and sustain their caterpillars. While they’re not as flashy as nectar plants, these host plants are essential:
- Nettles: A top choice for species like the Peacock and Small Tortoiseshell butterflies.
- Holly and Ivy: Holly Blue butterflies rely on these plants as food for their larvae.
- Cabbage and Broccoli: These attract Cabbage Whites, although they may require their space away from your main veggie patch!
Tips for Planting
- Aim for flowers of varying heights to create a dynamic and accessible space for different butterfly species.
- Choose native plants where possible, as they’re more likely to meet the needs of local butterfly species.
- Ensure you have blooms throughout the growing season by incorporating early bloomers (e.g., primroses), summer showstoppers (e.g., lavender), and late-season heroes (e.g., sedum).
Bring Your Garden to Life
Your garden is more than just a collection of plants; it’s a small ecosystem that can become a sanctuary for butterflies. By inviting them into your space, you’re not only helping these fragile creatures flourish, but you’re also enriching your own connection to the natural world.
Remember, every flower you plant and every habitat you create contributes to reversing butterfly decline.
Start today by planting a little patch of paradise in your garden. Every fluttering visitor will reward you with vibrant colours and a sense of wonder. Together, we can ensure a brighter future for these beautiful creatures.
Further Reading: Helping Wildlife this Winter, Garden Wildlife Week, Plants to Attract Wildlife in your Garden